Water-tube boiler.



PATENTED MAY 10, 1904.

3. G. MUNOZ. WATER TUBE BOILER. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 10. 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

. u w g Nomus r "Ms (.0. wore-mm). WASHINGTON u. 1.

PATENTED MAY 10, 1904.

s. c. MUNOZ.

WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 10. 1903.

2 SHBBTS-BHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented May 10, 1904.

SIGNONO (3. MUNOZ, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

SPECIFICATiON forming part of Letters Patent No. 759,463, dated May 10, 1904,

Application filed February 10, 1903. Serial No- 142,736. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIG'NONO O. Munoz, citizen of the United States, residing at Montclair, county of Essex, in the State of New Jer sey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in l/Vater-Tube Boilers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part hereof.

This invention relates to steam-boilers of the water-tube variety, its general object being to improve the construction of such boilers with a view to securing the highest efiiciency for a given area of boiler-space. To this end the boiler is constructed to be self-sustaining, a series of substantially vertical water-tubes being arranged to sustain the entire boiler structure. These substantially vertical watertubes are disposed on opposite sides of the boiler and form conduits for the circulation of the water whereby the large amount of heat which is ordinarily received and radiated by the boiler-casing is absorbed by these watertubes and whereby other beneficial results are produced, as hereinafter more particularly pointed out. Moreover, these vertical watertubes permit of longitudinal adjustment, whereby the horizontal water-tubes may be raised or lowered above the fire-grate, thereby changing the height of the whole boiler structure, and the lower ends of a large number of said vertical tubes are consequently exposed directly to the fire and the hottest gases escaping therefrom, whereby any scale-forming matter in the feed-water which is introduced through the lower drums directly to these vertical tubes is to a large extent separated at this point, and thus readily removed before the water reaches the horizontal tubes.

The invention is further characterized by the particular disposition of the horizontal water-tubes, said tubes being arranged to form an arch over the lire-space, thereby providing a heating-surface for said tubes which is of relatively greater extent than has been customary heretofore, or, in other words, thereby permitting the direct impingement of the hottest gases from the fire upon a maximum area of water-tubes. Furthermore, in order to secure with this arrangement the same depth. of horizontal water-tubes throughout said arch the cross-boxes connecting the water-drums with the front and back headers are located between the drums, thus permitting the center of the arch of tubes to extend up and into the space between the waterdrums. Again, to prevent to a large extent the radiation of heat from the boiler sides a casing of tile is preferably laid in contact with the vertical side tubes, which casing transmits or reverts to said tubes any excess of heat which it may absorb from the boiler.

The several features of the invention will be more specilically enumerated and explained hereinafter in reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front view of the boiler, said view being partly in section to show the construction of said boiler just back of the front.

casing. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same. Figs. 3 and i are front views, partly in section and broken away, of

modifications in arrangement of the vertical tubes with relation to the water-drums and portions of the several parts of the boiler structure are immaterial so far as this invention is concerned, the particular proportions shown in the drawings being selected for purposes of illustration and explanation.

The vertical water-tubes A, which communicate with the upper and lower drums B and C, respectively, oneither side of the boiler, may be of any desired length, being capable of longitudinal adjustment, whereby the height of the, boiler may accommodate itself to the dimensions of the space which it is to occupy, and they are preferably but not necessarily straight throughout their length.

The lower drums C, one at either side of the boiler, are supported upon a base or foundation D and are preferably provided with longitudinal extensions 0 to receive the ends of tubes A, which are secured and sealed therein in any suitable manner, as shown in Fig. 1. The upper parts of the vertical tubes A enter their respective upper drums B, preferably radially at or near the lowest point of said drums, or, in other words, at points which are preferably substantially vertically under the center line of said drums.

In accordance with the invention the vertical water-tubes A, which are carried upon the lower drums C, in turn carry or support the upper drums B, and consequently the whole boiler structure is sustained or supported by these vertical tubes A, and there is no necessity, therefore, of providing an extra supporting frame or casing, as heretofore, the boiler itself being self-sustaining, and accordingly a great deal of space is economized.

The lower ends of the front water-tubes A will be exposed to the direct radiation from the fire and as well to the direct impingement of the hottest gases of combustion. This will also be true of the front end of-the lower drums (I, with which the feed-water pipe communicates. The feed-water accordingly will enter the lowest portion of the boiler through the drums 0 instead of at the point of steam liberation, as has heretofore been the case, and said feed-water will at once be subjected to the most intense heat, which will cause it to circulate up through the vertical tubes A to the drums B without the use of any arbitrary means to procure such circulation. The heating of the feed-water in these vertical tubes A causes said feed-water to a large extent to throw down any scale-forming matter which it may contain, and said matter will settle in the drums O, whence it is easily removable instead of passing on to the horizontal water-tubes.

Secured to each of the drums B, at either end thereof, are the cross-boxes E, which communicate with and support the front and back headers F. Each cross-box is placed between the two upper drums and is preferably stepped on its under side, as shown in the drawings, to permit thehorizontal water-tubes to extend up and into the space between the drums B for a purpose to be explained hereinafter. The headers or manifolds F, which may be of any desired number and of any desired construction and arrangement,communicate with their respective cross-boxes through tubes G, which support the headers that are hung thereon. It is obvious that a suitable water-leg may be used in the place of the headers F, if desired.

The horizontal water-tubes H, which communicate with the front and back headers, are arranged to form an arch over the fire-space, and the shape of the assembled mass of headers both at the front and at the back of the boiler is preferably conformed to that of the ends of the arch of water-tubes. Vith this Furthermore, by carrying the cross-boxes in between the water-drums, as heretofore described, the upper side of said arch of water-tubes may be placed between said drums, thus effectively utilizing said space and permitting the depth of the arch of horizontal tubes to be made uniform throughout the length of the horizontal water-tubes forming the arch. It will be understood, however, that it is not essential to the present invention that this uniform depth of horizontal water-tubes bepreserved, it merely being the preferred arrangement when other and more important considerations are not interfered with.

The casing I of the boiler comprises a layer of tile 2', which is placed in contact with the vertical tubes A. Said tile is laid so as to be easily removable, and over the layer of tile 2' a layer of asbestos-board is placed, whereby the joints of the tile are sealed against the entrance of drafts of cold air. Over the asbestos-board an incasing layer of sheet-iron 2' is preferablysecured in any suitable manner, so as to hold the asbestos-board snugly against the tile and at the same time permitting the entire casing to be easily withdrawn or removed. In this way the interior and sides of the boiler are easily accessible and may be readily inspected, cleaned, and repaired. By laying the tile in contact with the vertical tubes, through which the water is continually circulating, a part of the heat which the tile absorbs from the fire or the gases which impinge upon it is transmitted back to these vertical tubes and to the water within the same, and it will thus be readily seen that the constantly-circulating water will absorb from the casing a large amount of heat, which in many boiler structures is radiated by the casingwalls and lost.

In Figs. 3 and a are shown modifications in the construction of the boiler, hereinbefore described with reference more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, such modifications consisting, as to Fig. 3, in arranging the vertical tubes at an angle slightly inclined from the perpendicular and entering said tubes in the lower drums directly and not through a longitudinal extension thereon, as shown in Fig. 1, and in Fig. 3 these slightly-inclined vertical tubes enter theupper drums radially at substantially the lowermost portion thereof and practically along the center line of said drums. The tiling is laid against the vertical tubes, and said tiling is surmounted with the asbestos lining and metal casing, as described with reference to the construction shown in Fig. 1. The modification in construction and arrangement shown in Fig. 3 might be desirable where the space demanded such a construction and illustrates the fact that all of the essential features of this invention may be embodied in constructions other than the precise construction shown in Fig. 1, it being obvious that the boiler will be self-sustaining,

IOO

' Fig. 4.

mass

being supported on the vertical tubes, notwithstanding the fact that they are shown in Fig. 3 as being slightly inclined. So, too, with reference to the modifications shown in That figure illustrates the same manner of connecting the vertical tubes with the lower drums directly therewith as shown in Fig. 3 and also shows that the vertical tubes enter the upper drums radially at a point which is substantially or practically at or near the lowermost portion of said drums, but not along the center line thereof, as shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 4 the vertical tubes are straight throughout their greater length and are arranged perpendicularly, being, however, curved inwardly at their upper ends as they enter the upper drums, and against these vertical tubes will be placed the outer tiling, which will be surmounted with the asbestosboard and metal casing, as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 1. It will also be obvious that with the construction shown in Fig. 4 all of the advantageous features of the invention will be present and availed of, with the added advantage that owing to the curvature of the vertical tubes a greater width of arch of horizontal tubes may be employed for a given depth of arch, and thereby correspondingly adding to the efficiency of the boiler.

The several features of boiler construction which have been set forth in the foregoing description as constituting the present invention cooperate to secure a high efliciency. Such construction reduces to a minimum the loss of heat due to radiation from the boiler sides and prevents the cooling of the boiler from drafts of air which ordinarily circulate in and through the boiler-casing and come in contact with the heating-surfaces of the watertubes. It also provides against the diminution of the rate of steam liberation and of steam-pressure caused by the introduction of cold. feed-Water at ornear the steam-liberatin g surface. For these reasons the greatest economy of fuel is obtained and the greatest quantity of steam is liberated for a given amount of fuel. The improved boiler, however, not only exhibits an increased efiiciency with respect to the quantity of steam produced with a given quantity of fuel and also with respect to the degree of power capable of being furnished for a given boiler-space, but enables the production and liberation of steam to be effected with much greater freedom.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.-

1. .[n a water-tube boiler, the combination of a series of horizontally-disposed watertubes and a series of vertically-disposed watertubes, the series of horizontally disposed water-tubes, together with the whole boiler structure, being supported upon the verticallydisposed water-tubes.

2. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of a water-drum, a series of horizontally-disposed water-tubes communicating therewith, and a series of vertically disposed watertubes, said drum and series of horizontallydisposed water-tubes being wholly supported by the series of vertically-disposed watertubes.

3. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of water-drums, horizontally-disposed watertubes, headers to which said horizontally-disposed watcr-tubes are connected, said headers communicating with the water-drums, and a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes, the water 'drums, horizontally disposed. watertubes and headers being wholly supported by the vertically-disposed water-tubes.

4. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes, a Water-drum communicating with and directly and wholly supported upon said series of vertically-disposed Watertubes, and horizontally-disposed water-tubes communicating with and supported by said drum.

5. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes, a Water-drum communicating with and supported directly upon said series of verticallydisposed water-tubes, a cross-box communieating with and supported upon said drum, front and back headers communicating with and supported by said cross-box, and a series of horizontally-disposed water-tubes commu nicating with and supported by said headers.

6. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a water-drum and horizontally-disposed water-tubes supported by said drum, of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes entering and supporting said drum at substantially its lowest point.

7. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a water-drum and horizontally-disposed water-tubes supported by said drum, of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes, entering and supporting said drum along substantially the lowermost central line thereof.

8. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a water-drum and horizontally-disposed water-tubes supported thereby and communicating therewith of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes entering and supporting said water-drum radially at or near its lowest point.

9. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a water-drum and horizontally-disposed water-tubes supported thereby and communicating therewith of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes entering said water-drum radially at or near its lowest point, said vertically-disposed water-tubes supporting said drum.

10. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a water-drum and horizontally-disposed water-tubes supported thereby and communicating therewith of a series of vertically-dis- ITO posed water-tubes entering said water-drum radially at or near its lowest point, said vertically-disposed water-tubes supporting said horizontallydisposed water-tubes and said drum.

11. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with an upper water-drum, a lower waterdrum and horizontally-disposed water-tubes communicating with and supported by said upper drum, of aseries of vertically-disposed water-tubes communicating with both said upper and lower drums and entering said upper drum radially at or near its lowestpoint.

12. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with an upper water-drum, a lower waterdrum and horizontally-disposed water-tubes communicating with and supported by said upper drum, of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes communicating with both said upper and lower drums and entering and supporting the upper drum at or near its lowest point. I

13. In a Water-tube boiler, the combination of two water-drums located in the upper part and on either side of the boiler, a plurality of horizontally-disposed water-tubes communieating therewith, and a plurality of verticallydisposed Water-tubes located upon either side of the boiler and radially entering and supporting said drums respectively at or near their lowest points.

14. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of an upper water-drum located in the upper part and at one side of the boiler, a lower water-drum located in the lower part of the boiler on the same side, a second upper waterdrum located in the upper part and on the other sideof the boiler, asecond lower water-drum located in the lower part of the boiler on said other side, a plurality of vertically-disposed water-tubes communicating with the upper and lower drums on the same side and radially entering and supporting the upper drums at or near their lowest points, and a plurality of horizontally-disposed water-tubes communicating with said upper drums.

15. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of an upper water-drum located in the upper part and at one side of the boiler, a lower water-drum located in the lower part of the boiler on the same side, a second upper waterdrum located in the upper part and on the other side of the boiler, a second lower water-drum located in the lower part of the boiler on said other side, a plurality of vertically-disposed water-tubes communicating with the upper and lower drums on the same side and radially entering and supporting the upper drums at or near their lowest points, front and back headers communicating with said upper drums, and a series of liorizontally-disposed watertubes communicating with said headers.

16. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of an upper water-drum located in the upper part and at one side of the boiler, a lower water-drum located in the lower part of the boiler on the same side, a second upper water drum located in the upper part and on the other side of the boiler, a second lower water-drum located in the lower part of the boiler on said other side, a plurality of vertically-disposed water-tubes communicating with the upper and lower drums on the same side and enterin g and sup porting the upper drums at or near their lowest points, cross-boxes communicat ing with said upper drums, front and back headers communicating with said cross-boxes, and a series of horizontally-disposed watertubes communicating with said headers.

17 In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper and lower drums, of the substantially vertical pipes connecting the same and extending into the upper drums substantiallydirectly beneath the central line thereof, cross-boxes on the upper drums, within the line of such pipes, headers connected to such cross-boxes and water-tubes joining the headers.

18. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper drums, of two series of substantially vertical tubes one series entering each of the drums substantially directly beneath the central lines of said drums, and water-tubes arranged between said series of vertical tubes and means at each end of the water-tubes connecting said tubes with the said drums.

19. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper drums, of two series of substantially vertical tubes one series entering each of the drums substantially directly beneath the central lines of said drums, and water-tubes arranged between said series of vertical tubes and means at each end of the water-tubes connecting with said tubes and with the said drums, the lower water-tubes being arranged to form an arch over the firespace.

20. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper drums, of the cross-boxes, the series of headers connected to said cross-boxes and havingtheir lower ends arranged in stepped relation, rising toward the center, and water-tubes connecting said headers and forming an arch over the fire-space.

- 21. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper and lower drums, of the vertical tubes entering at the bottom of the upper drums, cross-boxes on the upper drums, extending from within the line of the vertical tubes into proximity with each other, headers connected to said cross-boxes and having their lower ends arranged in stepped relation, rising toward the center, and water-tubes connecting said headers and forming, together with the vertical tubes, an arch at the sides of and above the fire-space.

22. In a Water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper drums, of the cross-boxes, the series of headers connected to said cross-boxes and having their lower ends in stepped relation, rising toward the center, the adjacent headers being fitted upon each other, and water-tubes connecting said headers and arranged in stepped relation.

23. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper drums, of cross-boxes extending inwardly and upwardly from near the bottom of the upper drums, the series of headers connected to said cross-boxes and having their lower ends arranged in stepped relation, rising toward the center, and Watertubes connecting said headers and forming an arch over the fire-space.

24. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the upper and lower drums, of the vertical tubes entering at the bottom of the upper drums, inclined cross boxes on the upper drums, extending from within the line of the vertical tubes inwardly and upwardly into proximity with each other, headers connected to said cross-boxes and having their lower ends arranged in stepped relation, rising toward the center, and water-tubes connecting said headers and forming, together with the vertical tubes, an arch at the sides of and above the fire-space.

25. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of two water-drums, one on each side and in the upper part of said boiler, cross-boxes communicating with said drums and located between the same, a fire-grate, horizontallydisposed water-tubes arranged to form an arch over said fire-grate, the upper portion of the arch of horizontally-disposed water-tubes extending upward and between said drums, and means to connect said horizontally-disposed tubes and said cross-boxes.

26. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of two water-drums, one on each side and one in the upper part of said boiler, cross-boxes communicating with said drums and located between the same, a fire-grate, horizontallydisposed water-tubes arranged to form an arch over said lire-grate, the upper portion of the arch of horizontally-disposed water-tubes extending upward between said drums, front and back headers with which said horizontallydisposed tubes communicate, and means to connect said headers and cross-boxes.

27. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of an upper drum, a lower drum, means to introduce feed-water into said lower drum, vertically-disposed water-tubes connecting said upper and lower drums, said lower drum being located at the bottom of the boiler and the lower portions of said vertical tubes and said lower drum being directly exposed to the heat of the combustion-chamber or fire-space.

28. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a Water-drum and a plurality of horizontally -disposed water tubes communicating therewith and arranged to form an arch over the ire-space, of a series of vertically-disposed water-tubes entering said water-drum at or near its lowest point.

29. In a water-tube boiler, a stepped crossbox and headers connected therewith substantially as set forth.

30. In a water-tube boiler, a pair of crossboxes the bottom of each of said cross-boxes being stepped upward from the enter to the inner side thereof and headers connected therewith, substantially as set forth.

31. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with two water-drums located on opposite sides of the boiler, of two cross-boxes located entirely between said water-drums and headers connected therewith, substantially as set forth.

32. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with two water-drums located on opposite sides of the boiler, of two cross-boxes located entirely between said water-drums the bottom of each of said cross-boxes being stepped upward from the outer to the inner side thereof and headers connected therewith, substantially as set forth.

In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a purality of horizontally-disposed watertubes arranged to form an arch over the iirespace of a pair of cross-boxes the bottom of each of said cross-boxes being stepped upward from the outer to the inner side thereof, and

substantially as set forth.

34. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with a plurality of horizontally disposed water-tubes arranged to form an arch over the fire-space of two water-drums located on opposite sides of the boiler and apair of crossboxes located between said drums, the bottom of each of said cross-boxes being stepped upward from the outer to the inner side thereof, substantially as set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 29th day of January, A. D. 1903.

SIGNONO G. MUNOZ.

In presence of A. G. H. MENFOMEN, MnF'ruo W. KIDDLE. 

